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Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control
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In situ monitoring of polyurethane cure using fibre-optical FT-NIR spectroscopy

S. Benali

Laboratoire Matériaux Macromoléculaires, INSA Lyon, UMR CNRS 5627, IMP 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, samira.benali{at}umh.ac.be

D. Bertrand

Unité de Sensométrie et de Chemiométrie, ENITIAA-INRA, Rue de la Géraudière B.P 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France

J. Dupuy

Laboratoire Matériaux Macromoléculaires, INSA Lyon, UMR CNRS 5627, IMP 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France

G. Lachenal

Laboratoire des Matériaux Plastiques et des Biomatériaux, UCBL, UMR CNRS 5627 IMP, 43, bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France

A. Maazouz

Laboratoire Matériaux Macromoléculaires, INSA Lyon, UMR CNRS 5627, IMP 20 av. A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France

In-line monitoring of the reaction extent of polyurethane during a reactive injection moulding (RIM) process is carried out using fibre-optic near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Up to 250 transmission spectra are recorded during the reaction. Univariate and multivariate analysis of transmittance spectra were used to calculate the chemical conversion. A good agreement is observed between first principal component of principal component analysis (PCA), and univariate (Beer—Lambert) results. It is observed that, in this case, the PCA method can provide a good practical estimation of the time-concentration profile during the reaction, without the need of the time-consuming calibration methods. The scores of PC1 are merely linearly correlated to the level of conversion and contain enough information for the quantitative analysis. As expected interactions and hydrogen-bonding play an important role. Hence the spectral region of PCA analysis has to be carefully selected to obtain a good agreement with the Beer—Lambert law. The NIR spectroscopy and the PCA are easy-to-use techniques for on line monitoring of polyurethane reactions and these results open up a low cost effective opportunity for monitoring the fast RIM process.

Key Words: chemometrics • near infrared spectroscopy • polyurethane reactive system • reaction injection moulding.

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, Vol. 29, No. 5, 417-429 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0142331207079812
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